Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

Why is careful temperature monitoring important following an acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?

1. To prevent pneumonia

2. To improve mobility

3. To manage risk of infarct extension

4. To reduce swelling

The correct answer is: To manage risk of infarct extension

Careful temperature monitoring following an acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is critically important primarily because of the risk of infarct extension. After a CVA, there can be a cascade of physiological changes that increase the potential for further brain tissue damage. Elevated body temperature can exacerbate metabolic demand in an already compromised brain, leading to additional neuronal injury or worsening the size of the infarct. This can happen because increased temperature can raise cerebral metabolic rates and partial pressure of carbon dioxide, which may further compromise cerebral perfusion and increase the risk of a secondary stroke. Thus, by closely monitoring and managing temperature, healthcare professionals can help mitigate the risk of extending the area of infarction, promote recovery, and improve overall outcomes for the patient. Minimizing the risk associated with temperature changes is crucial during the critical post-stroke period when the brain is particularly vulnerable.