Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

Which part of the brain functions as the emetic center?

1. Cerebellum

2. Pons

3. Medulla

4. Cerebrum

The correct answer is: Medulla

The medulla oblongata functions as the emetic center of the brain. This area is critically involved in coordinating the vomiting reflex, which includes complex interactions between peripheral inputs and central processing. The medulla processes signals from the gastrointestinal tract and other sources, such as vestibular and sensory inputs, to trigger the appropriate response for vomiting. The integration of these signals in the medulla allows it to execute the physiological actions involved in vomiting, such as the contraction of abdominal muscles and diaphragm, leading to the expulsion of stomach contents. Understanding this role is essential for nursing practice, particularly in the care of patients experiencing nausea and vomiting, where intervention may be necessary to manage their symptoms. The other areas of the brain listed have distinct roles—such as the cerebellum's coordination of movement and motor control, the pons' function in regulating vital functions and bridging cerebellar communication, and the cerebrum's involvement in higher cognitive functions—making them less relevant to the vomiting reflex.