Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of superior mesenteric artery syndrome?

1. Post-prandial nausea, early satiety, uncontrolled abdominal pain

2. Persistent cough, difficulty swallowing, and heartburn

3. Severe chest pain, shortness of breath, and dysphagia

4. Constipation, diarrhea, and weight loss

The correct answer is: Post-prandial nausea, early satiety, uncontrolled abdominal pain

The signs and symptoms of superior mesenteric artery syndrome typically include post-prandial nausea, early satiety, and abdominal pain. This syndrome occurs when the duodenum is compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, often leading to gastrointestinal obstruction. After eating (post-prandial), patients may experience nausea due to the inability of food to pass through the obstructed area, alongside early satiety because the limited ability to tolerate food results in early feelings of fullness. Uncontrolled abdominal pain can also arise due to this underlying compression and irritation of the digestive tract. The other response options present symptoms that align with different conditions rather than superior mesenteric artery syndrome. B includes respiratory symptoms that are more indicative of esophageal disorders. C describes acute cardiovascular or respiratory issues, which are not characteristic of this syndrome. D focuses on gastrointestinal symptoms associated with other disorders like irritable bowel syndrome or malabsorption conditions, rather than the specific presentation of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Understanding these distinctions aids in recognizing the unique clinical features of each condition.