Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

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What is the major difference between a subdural hematoma and a subdural hygroma?

  1. Subdural hematoma is blood; subdural hygroma is CSF

  2. Subdural hematoma is a bruise; subdural hygroma is inflammation

  3. Subdural hematoma is acute; subdural hygroma is chronic

  4. Subdural hematoma requires immediate surgery; subdural hygroma does not

The correct answer is: Subdural hematoma is blood; subdural hygroma is CSF

The distinction between a subdural hematoma and a subdural hygroma primarily lies in their composition. A subdural hematoma is characterized by the accumulation of blood, typically resulting from trauma that tears blood vessels in the subdural space. This condition can lead to various neurological symptoms and requires prompt medical attention, especially if there is significant mass effect on the brain. In contrast, a subdural hygroma is described as a collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that accumulates in the same subdural space, often as a result of non-traumatic causes or following a healing process after trauma. The presence of CSF typically indicates a different pathology, often associated with conditions that affect the brain's protective layers. Understanding this key difference in their composition is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment, as the management strategies for each condition can vary significantly. The understanding that one involves blood (subdural hematoma) and the other involves cerebrospinal fluid (subdural hygroma) clarifies the fundamental nature of these two conditions and lays the groundwork for appropriate clinical interventions.