Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

What are the early signs of acute compartment syndrome following orthopedic surgeries?

1. Pain, pallor, and paralysis

2. Pain, paresthesia, and weakness

3. Swelling, tenderness, and warmth

4. Numbness, tingling, and pressure

The correct answer is: Pain, paresthesia, and weakness

The early signs of acute compartment syndrome often include pain, paresthesia, and weakness. Pain associated with compartment syndrome can be disproportionate to the injury and may worsen upon passive stretching of the affected muscles, signaling the increased pressure within the compartment. Paresthesia, or abnormal sensation such as tingling, is indicative of nerve involvement due to the increased pressure that compromises blood flow and nerve function. Weakness, especially when attempting to move the affected muscle groups, is another critical sign that may indicate the development of compartment syndrome. Recognizing these signs early is crucial, as prompt intervention can prevent long-term complications, including muscle and nerve damage. The other options include signs and symptoms that, while relevant in different contexts or stages of this condition, do not focus specifically on the early indicators of acute compartment syndrome as recognized in clinical practice.