Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

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Under what circumstances is surgical intervention indicated for obesity?

BMI > 30 without comorbidity
BMI > 40 when medical management has failed
BMI > 25 with lifestyle modifications
BMI > 35 without comorbidities

The correct answer is: BMI > 40 when medical management has failed

Surgical intervention for obesity is indicated primarily when patients have a higher body mass index (BMI) that has not responded to medical management, particularly when their BMI exceeds 40. This threshold reflects a significant level of obesity that carries increased risks for health issues. The rationale is that individuals with a BMI over 40 are typically experiencing severe obesity, leading to a higher likelihood of developing related comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, or sleep apnea. Medical management typically includes lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, alongside behavioral therapies. When these interventions prove inadequate, surgical options like bariatric surgery become a valid consideration to facilitate weight loss and reduce the risk of associated health problems. The decision for surgery is not taken lightly, as it involves assessing the patient's overall health, commitment to lifestyle changes, and understanding of the procedure's implications. Therefore, a BMI greater than 40 when medical attempts have failed provides a clear indication for surgical intervention, as it aims to improve health outcomes and overall quality of life.