Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

Laparoscopic GI surgeries carry a higher risk of which condition due to increased intra-abdominal pressure?

1. Pneumothorax

2. Venous thromboembolism (VTE)

3. Respiratory distress

4. Cardiac tamponade

The correct answer is: Venous thromboembolism (VTE)

Laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgeries often involve the insufflation of gas into the abdominal cavity, which increases intra-abdominal pressure. This elevation in pressure can negatively affect venous return and reduce venous outflow from the lower extremities, particularly when patient positioning is a factor. As a result, the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) rises. The relationship between increased intra-abdominal pressure and VTE is significant, as it can lead to stasis of blood flow in the veins of the legs and pelvis, making the formation of clots more likely. This is exacerbated by various patient factors, such as immobility and dehydration, which can occur around the time of surgery. Understanding this connection helps healthcare providers anticipate and manage risks associated with laparoscopic procedures, emphasizing the importance of proper positioning, the use of prophylactic measures such as compression devices, and encouraging patient mobilization post-surgery to mitigate the risk of VTE.