Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

In which patients should triptans be avoided when aborting migraine headaches?

1. Who have diabetes

2. Who have HTN or other risk factors for heart attack or stroke

3. Who have chronic allergies

4. Who suffer from anxiety disorders

The correct answer is: Who have HTN or other risk factors for heart attack or stroke

Triptans are a class of medications commonly used to treat acute migraine attacks. Their mechanism involves vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels, which can relieve headache pain. However, this vasoconstrictive property can pose significant risks in patients with cardiovascular issues. Patients who have hypertension or other risk factors for heart attack or stroke should avoid triptans because of the potential for these drugs to increase blood pressure further and increase the risk of cardiovascular events, such as ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction. The safety profile of triptans mandates caution, especially in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions or significant risk factors, such as older age, smoking, diabetes, or a family history of heart disease. Prioritizing cardiovascular safety is critical in the management of migraines for these populations. In contrast, conditions like diabetes, chronic allergies, or anxiety disorders are not typically absolute contraindications for the use of triptans. While careful management may be warranted for patients with diabetes, the primary concern with triptans lies with their potential cardiovascular effects, making those with hypertension and related risk factors the main group that should avoid their use.