Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse (CNRN) Practice Exam

According to guideline #3, how many MM agents should be used for 1-2 PONV risk factors?

1. One

2. Two

3. Three

4. Four

The correct answer is: Two

Using two multimodal (MM) agents for management in patients with one to two risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is supported by evidence-based guidelines. The rationale behind this recommendation lies in the understanding that PONV can significantly impact a patient's recovery after surgery, leading to increased discomfort, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. Multimodal approaches, which include the use of different classes of antiemetics or non-pharmacological therapies, can provide synergistic effects, enhancing the overall efficacy of preventing PONV. When a patient has one or two risk factors, the potential benefit of using two distinct agents enables a more comprehensive strategy to address various underlying mechanisms that contribute to PONV. This approach minimizes the risk associated with relying exclusively on a single agent, which may not be sufficiently effective for all patients. In summary, utilizing two MM agents allows for a more tailored and nuanced management plan, improving patient outcomes while mitigating the risks associated with PONV.